Unlike countries such as Chin and India, Iran has not large rivers, and is classified as a dry country in the world. Correct use of water resources based on engineering and water resources management may help planning the best method of utilization. Man should accurately recognize the accumulative negative and unpleasant effects of development along rivers and plan methods to prevent this serious risk. This paper tries to investigate the cause of pollution of Meymeh River in Ilam Province. In this research, the quality of water of the river is assessed and analyzed based on the data collected in 11 sampling stations in various seasons of 2001. The samples were analyzed based on results of BOD, DO, turbidity and pH tests. According to these results, climatic conditions, topography, geology and the soil type of the region are the factors that affect the quality of the water of Meymeh River. Although, the discharge of urban and rural sewage into the river has not yet been a serious problem this may turn into a crisis in the future. Pathologic signs of pollution is not observed but their existence within Meymeh town cannot be ignored.
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